Tuesday, February 18, 2020

Terrorism and International Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Terrorism and International Response - Essay Example In an Israeli Newspaper Ha'aretz, Nissan Horowitz wrote: "Terrorism - it's all in the eyes of the beholder." He argues over the fact that if the attack on the twin towers can be regarded as terrorism, then why the bombing in a Kabul's hospital can't be considered as one According to a truism, it is believed that, terrorist, in the eyes of one, is a freedom fighter in the eyes of another. Or considering the Israeli/Palestine case, those, whom the Israelis consider as terrorists, are for the Palestinians, martyrs. One might wonder if to call rebels, insurrectionists, mercenaries, activists, guerillas, militants, dissenters, freedom fighters, etc, all these as terrorists Or perhaps the very concept holds an absolute slot. (Terrorism guide, n.p., 2008) Whatever reasons that lie behind this enigma, are indeed not inexplicable. From a particular group, 'a terrorist takes birth when he senses unfairness or discrimination perceived by the very group he belongs to, therefore he becomes the hero for that entire group, be it a small anarchist cell, or a whole tribe, or class, nation, religion etc. For his struggle, he is applauded by those in solidarity with him, but highly condemned as terrorists by those unsympathetic to the strong aims of that struggle.' (Weiss, pp. 11+, 2002) The U.N. has certainly strived to give terrorism a proper definition, and so have all the international lawyers. Nonetheless, it has, "in all its forms and manifestations", been, by far, condemned no matter whosoever commits it, where they do, and for what purpose. (Secretary General, n.p., 2006) The diction for terrorism which confines to a particular method of conducting violence can be censured irrespective of the circumstances. 'This nonexistence of a proper agreed definition carries weight for a number of reasons, which involve its blocking the prospect of bringing up terrorist acts, that of genocide or other war crimes, to an international court; and leaving individual countries unbound to outlaw actions which, maybe for their own political expediency, they choose to categorize as terrorism. Therefore, it is crucial to define the problem.' (Terrorism guide, n.p., 2008) Official Definitions Various views have been recognized on the definition and interpretation of terrorism, for which the definition of 'aggression' may also be considered. (Crozier, pp.28, 1986) The definitions of terrorism are particularly acutely perceptive, indeed because they tend to set limits over the range of legitimate responses to them. (Norgren, pp. 4, 2003) A broad definition, accepted by the US State Department, was put forward by the US Central Intelligence Agency. They were of the view that some individuals and groups intimidate or use violence for political purposes, whether favoring or opposing the establishment of governmental authority. When these actions are aimed at shocking, stunning, or threatening a "target group wider than the immediate victims", (Ramos, n.p., 2007) it comes under terrorism. James Adams, in his composition 'financing of terror', has put forward another definition that defines a terrorist as an individual, follower or supporter of a group that intends to attain "po litical ends using violent means". These violent means are often at the expense of casualties to harmless, nave

Monday, February 3, 2020

(Economics) Explain, using appropriate diagrams, how markets function Essay

(Economics) Explain, using appropriate diagrams, how markets function and the mechanisms which bring about an equilibrium price. To what extent do u you agree w - Essay Example A market system is necessary to convey the decisions made by buyers and sellers of products and resources". Independent economies and enterprise organizations form a private sector, and the state forms public sector. In spite of the fact that the market is self-regulated, the state takes measures on its regulation: establishes a marginal level of the prices for the certain goods and services, a minimum level of wages, limits a competition in the separate markets, etc. Buyers forms demand for the goods and services. Hence, constantly increasing needs form the demand. In the economic theory there is a standard definition of demand. Demand is ability and desire to purchase goods and services. It is influenced with some factors (non-price factors): tastes and preferences of consumers, quantity of buyers in the market, the prices for the goods-substitutes, and a level of income of buyers, consumer expectations concerning the future prices, income and presence of goods. The price of the goods and quantity of demand for these goods are inversely proportional quantities. Economists name this the law of demand. That is the higher the price of the product, the less the consumer will demand with other things being equal. Manufacturers make the goods and services, which they consider it is possible to sale in the market. Set of commodity producers provides to people the satisfaction of their solvent demand, that is forms the supply. The supply is desire and ability of manufacturers to give the goods for sale in the market. Ability to give the goods is connected with use of the limited resources, which are not always enough to satisfy needs of all people. Thus, the supply is a quantity of the goods and services, which a seller wishes and able to sell. That is the law of supply states, the higher the price, the larger the quantity supplied, all other things constant. Thus, in the market, on the one hand, there are